February 8, 1897 issue of the La Ilusraction Española y America, an article on the Philippine Revolution appeared, accompanied by a portrait of Bonifacio in a black suit and white tie, with the caption 'Andres Bonifacio/Titulado (Presidente) de la Republica Tagala,'
According to the Philippines historians, the first ever dirtiest politics happened in the Philippines was happened during the time of Emilio Aguinaldo "Biak na Bato Presidency" (October 1897)" where the brutal killings of Gat Andres Bonificio and his brother Procopio under Emilio Aguinaldo's Assassination order.
Emilio Aguinaldo's fear was the powerful nationalistic rebellion led by Gat Andres Bonifacio against the Spain Government that could topple his power so he ordered the assassination of Bonifacio.
The only information written in the Philippine history about Gat Andres Bonifacio was Katipunan movement which sought the independence of the Philippines from Spanish colonial rule and started the Manila Revolution on July 7, 1898, the second successful revolution after the first successful revolution in Bohol.
The First Philippine revolution was started by a Boholano hero Francisco Dagohoy on 1744, and successfully established Bohol Republic on December 20, 1745 with at least 3,000 followers, which subsequently increased to 20,000. His followers remained unsubdued in their mountains stronghold and, even after Dagohoy's death, continued to defy Spanish power
While La Ilusraction Española y America, an article on the Philippine Revolution recognized Gat Andres Bonifacio's government of "Republica Talaga", Emilio Aguinaldo hides it and refused to recognize it and recognized only his government as Malolos Republic on 1869.
Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng̃ mg̃á Anak ng̃ Bayan (KKK) or Katipunan was founded July 7, 1892. 4 years after the foundation of the KKK, "Republica Talaga" was established on August 24, 1896 "until his tragic death of Gat Andres Bonifacio on May 10, 1897.
Who could be the First Philippine President? You must be the judge.
According to the history, the First Philippine revolution was started by a Boholano hero Francisco Dagohoy on 1744, and successfully established Bohol Republic on December 20, 1745 with at least 3,000 followers, which subsequently increased to 20,000. His followers remained unsubdued in their mountains stronghold and, even after Dagohoy's death, continued to defy Spanish power
Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng̃ mg̃á Anak ng̃ Bayan (KKK) or Katipunan was founded July 7, 1892. 4 years after the foundation of the KKK, "Republica Talaga" was established on August 24, 1896 "until his tragic death of Gat Andres Bonifacio on May 10, 1897.
On the same day as the execution of the Bonifacio brothers, the Spanish army launched an attack which forced insurgent forces under Aguinaldo into a general retreat. On 24 June 1897 Aguinaldo arrived at Biak-na-Bato in San Miguel, Bulacan, and established a permanent headquarters there, located in Biak-na-Bato National Park in what is now known as Aguinaldo Cave.
In late October 1897, Aguinaldo convened an assembly of generals at Biak-na Bato, where it was decided to establish a constitutional republic "Biak na Bato Presidency". A constitution patterned closely after the Cuban Constitution was drawn up by Isabelo Artacho and Felix Ferrer. The constitution provided for the creation of a Supreme Council composed of a president, a vice president, a Secretary of War, and a Secretary of the Treasury. Aguinaldo was named president of Biak na Bato.
Brief Histories of Dagohoy, Bonifacio and Aguinaldo
Francisco Dagohoy, (born Francisco Sendrijas) was a Boholano who holds the distinction of having led the longest revolt in Philippine history, the Dagohoy Rebellion. This rebellion against the Spanish colonial government took place in the island of Bohol from 1744 to 1828, roughly 85 years.
Little is known of Francisco Dagohoy's lifestyle before the rebellion, or even his early life. The only information known about Francisco Dagohoy was born as Francisco Sendrijas, born in 1724. His Father was a Boholano while his mother was a Cebuano Indian. Dagohoy was a native of Brgy. Cambitoon, Inabanga, Bohol. He was also a cabeza de barangay, or one of the barangay captains of the town.
The name Dagohoy is a concatenation of the Visayan phrase, Dagon sa huyuhoy or talisman of the breeze in English
Gat Andres Bonifacio was the son of Santiago Bonifacio and Catalina de Castro in Tondo, Manila, and he was the eldest of five children. His siblings were Ciriaco, Procopio, Troadio, Esperidiona and Maxima. His father was a tailor who served as a teniente mayor of Tondo, Manila, while his mother was a mestiza born of a Spanish father and a Filipino-Chinese mother who worked at a cigarette factory.
Emilio Aguinaldo was born on 24 March 1869 in Cavite Viejo (present-day Kawit), Cavite, to Carlos Aguinaldo and Trinidad Famy, a Chinese mestizo couple who had eight children, the seventh of whom was Emilio. The Aguinaldo family was quite well-to-do, as Carlos Aguinaldo was the community's appointed gobernadorcillo (municipal governor)
Emilio became the Cabeza de Barangay of Binakayan, a chief barrio of Cavite del Viejo, when he was only 17 years old.
In 1895 a law that called for the reorganization of local governments was enacted. At the age of 26 Aguinaldo became Cavite Viejo's first capitan municipal.
Andres Bonifacio: The Philippines' first president?
Andres Bonifacio, considered the father of the Philippine revolution against Spain, may soon find his "rightful place" in the country's history after all.
Calls to rewrite the history of the Philippine revolution intensified during the commemoration of Bonifacio's 150th birth anniversary.
While he is recognized for his contribution to the Philippine revolution, his supporters, who have long seen him as underappreciated, stressed that Bonifacio may have had another role in Philippine history.
First Philippine president?
On Tuesday, the Manila City government passed a resolution urging President Benigno Aquino III and Congress to recognize Andres Bonifacio as the first president in the Philippines.
A resolution authored by Manila councilor John Marvin "Yul Servo" Nieto, stressed that Bonifacio founded the first national government of the Philippines and served as president from August 24, 1896 "until his tragic death on May 10, 1897."
Citing original documents attested to by historians, the resolution argued "the Katipunan, under Bonifacio's leadership, ceased being a secret society and was forced to come out in the open as a revolutionary government with its own laws, bureaucratic structure and elective leadership."
The resolution said Bonifacio's presidency was also further acknowledged in contemporary Spanish publications.
"For instance, in the February 8, 1897 issue of the La Ilusraction Española y America, an article on the Philippine Revolution appeared, accompanied by a portrait of Bonifacio in a black suit and white tie, with the caption 'Andres Bonifacio/Titulado (Presidente) de la Republica Tagala,'" it added.
Councilor Nieto, in a phone interview with GMA News Online Friday evening, said it's about time the national government "corrects" history by declaring the Manila-born hero as the country's first president.
On August 24, 1896, Bonifacio convened the Kataastaasang Kapulungan (Supreme Council), declaring an armed revolution against Spain. He also established the Katipunan as a national government and held an election of officials to lead the army and the nation.
"The Katipunan was more than a secret revolutionary society; it was, withal, a Government. It was the intention of Bonifacio to have the Katipunan govern the whole Philippines after the overthrow of Spanish rule," Gregorio F. Zaide, who wrote a history of the Katipunan, was quoted in an article by historians Milagros C. Guerrero, Emmanuel N. Encarnacion, and Ramon N. Villegas.
However, at the Tejeros Convention on March 22, 1897, Emilio Aguinaldo wanted to dissolve the Katipunan and establish a revolutionary government, UP Manila professor Danilo Aragon said in "Case Unclosed: Ang Lihim ng 1897", noting that the Katipunan had to be dissolved to remove Bonifacio from his position.
Snap elections were held, and Aguinaldo was voted president. Meanwhile, Bonifacio was voted as Director of Interior.
Daniel Tirona, a member of the Magdalo faction of the Katipunan, protested Bonifacio's election, claiming he was not qualified for the job. Insulted, Bonifacio, who presided over the election, declared the assembly dissolved.
The next day, Bonifacio and other members of the Magdiwang faction created the Acta de Tejeros, a document stating they did not adopt the election results of the convention.
On May 10, 1897, Bonifacio and his brother Procopio were killed under orders from Aguinaldo, who issued a statement 50 years later saying he had authorized the death sentence as advised by members of the Council of War.
True value
Edgardo Bonifacio, grandson of Andres Bonifacio, on Saturday also urged historians to "not ignore" the supposed correct version of history.
"Maituwid po ang kasaysayan na marahil na nawaglit sa isipan ng ating mga iskolar ng bayan, iskolar ng historya at maituwid muli ang sa palagay namin ay nararapat para kay Andres Bonifacio," he said in an interview aired on GMA News TV's "Balitanghali" after the rites marking the 150th birth anniversary of his grandfather at the Bonifacio Monument area in Caloocan City.
However, even on Philippine currency, Aguinaldo seems to have primacy over Bonifacio as the former replaced the latter on the 5-peso coin.
Since 2000, after being transferred several times to different coins, Bonifacio now shares a spot with Apolinario Mabini on the 10-peso coin.
During a press conference on Friday, deputy presidential spokesperson Abigail Valte said the matter has yet to be discussed with the President.
"We will take time, when we get to sit down with him, (and get) his thoughts on that particular matter," she said, adding that they still have to consult historians on the issue.
Meanwhile, according to a related resolution passed on Wednesday, the local government urged public and private colleges in Manila to include courses devoted to the life, works and heroism of Bonifacio in their curricula.
"All educational institutions are mandated by the Constitution to, among others, inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster love of humanity, and promote respect for human rights and appreciation of the role of national heroes in the historical development of the country," it said – With report from GMA News
